|
Educational Attainment by Generation of California Immigrants |
||||
|
|
All Californians |
Latinos |
Whites |
The Latino Gap(a) |
|
|
Percent With Less Than High School Education |
|||
|
First Generation |
39% |
67% |
13% |
72% |
|
Second Generation |
14% |
35% |
9% |
150% |
|
Third Generation |
8% |
22% |
6% |
175% |
|
Total |
19% |
53% |
7% |
179% |
|
|
Percent College Graduates |
|||
|
First Generation |
24% |
7% |
42% |
-71% |
|
Second Generation |
29% |
10% |
35% |
-66% |
|
Third Generation |
31% |
11% |
35% |
-65% |
|
Total |
28% |
8% |
35% |
-71% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a. Percent by which Latino achievement level is worse than that of all Californians. |
||||
|
Note: Based on 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2004 data for adults age 25 and over. |
||||
|
Source: S. Karthick Ramakrishnan and Hans P. Johnson, "Second-Generation Immigrants in California," Public Policy Institute of California, May 2005. Table 5. |
||||
|
English Proficiency by Immigrant Generation |
|||
|
|
All California Immigrants |
Latino Immigrants |
The Latino Gap (a) |
|
|
Percent that speak only English |
||
|
First Generation |
11% |
5% |
-55% |
|
Second Generation |
29% |
10% |
-66% |
|
Third Generation |
94% |
75% |
-20% |
|
|
Percent that speak English Not Well or Not At All |
||
|
First Generation |
27% |
34% |
25.9% |
|
Second Generation |
6% |
9% |
50.0% |
|
Third Generation |
0% |
2% |
(infinite) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
a. Percent by which Latino achievement level is worse than that of all Californian immigrants. |
|
||
|
Note: Based on October 1999 Current Population Survey. |
|
|
|
|
Source: S. Karthick Ramakrishnan and Hans P. Johnson, "Second-Generation Immigrants in California," Public Policy Institute of California, May 2005. Table 7. |
|||
Edwin S. Rubenstein (email him) is President of ESR Research Economic Consultants in Indianapolis.
